Abstract
Heading date 1 (Hd1) is an important gene for the regulation of flowering in rice, but its variation in major cultivated rice varieties, and the effect of this variation on yield and quality, remains unknown. In this study, we selected 123 major rice varieties cultivated in China from 1936 to 2009 to analyze the relationship between the Hd1 alleles and yield‐related traits. Among these varieties, 19 haplotypes were detected in Hd1, including two major haplotypes (H8 and H13) in the japonica group and three major haplotypes (H14, H15, and H16) in the indica group. Analysis of allele frequencies showed that the secondary branches number was the major aimed for Chinese indica breeding. In the five major haplotypes, SNP316(C‐T) was the only difference between the two major japonica haplotypes, and SNP495(C‐G) and SNP614(G‐A) are the major SNPs in the three indica haplotypes. Association analysis showed that H16 is the most preponderant allele in modern cultivated Chinese indica varieties. Back‐crossing this allele into the japonica variety Chunjiang06 improved yield without decreasing grain quality. Therefore, our analysis offers a new strategy for utilizing these preponderant alleles to improve yield and quality of japonica varieties for cultivation in the southern areas of China.
Copyright ? 2003-2019 China National Rice Research Institute. 中国水稻研究所 版权所有
地址：杭州市富阳区水稻所路28号（邮政编码：311401）电话：+86 571 63370590
杭州市拱墅区体育场路359号（邮政编码：310006）
京ICP备10039560号-5 浙公网安备33010302000429号
技术支持：中国农业科学院农业信息研究所